ePublications@bond

A comment on costs in constitutional cases

Iain Field — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 14:42:12 PST

Professor Patrick Keyzer and Stephen Lloyd SC are both well qualified to speak to the legal principles that govern the determination of costs in constitutional cases, and I am, with respect, happy to accept their combined review of these principles. I do not think that there are any significant disagreements between them in this regard. They have, nevertheless, provided us with two usefully distinct perspectives on the topic, and offered two contrasting views as to the need for special costs rules in constitutional cases. I have only a small number of observations (perhaps it is better to say questions), which build upon some of the issues already raised. These questions relate, in particular, to the possible consequences of special costs rules in constitutional cases, the potential for such rules to increase access to constitutional justice, and whether existing principles might be sufficient as they stand to achieve this objective.

Developing the accredited postgraduate assessment program for fellowship of the Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine

J. D. Smith et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 22:16:27 PST

Evidence-based medicine teaching in UK medical schools

Emma Meats et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 22:08:52 PST

Does the current version of 'Tomorrow's Doctors' adequately support the role of evidence-based medicine in the undergraduate curriculum?

Mike Crilly et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 21:56:36 PST

Teaching and learning in clinical settings

Richard Hays — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 21:41:55 PST

High-rise living in Singapore public housing

Belinda Yuen et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 21:08:54 PST

Review of unbalanced bidding models in construction

David W. Cattell et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 21:02:53 PST

Occupant satisfaction with workplace design in new and old environments

Dirk A. Schwede et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 20:48:20 PST

A simplified unbalanced bidding model

David William Cattell et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 20:42:37 PST

Barriers to sustainable suburbs

Ned Wales et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 20:36:31 PST

Combined evaluation of workplace performance using occupants' subjective assessment and objective measurement of environmental conditions: A case study

Brian Purdey et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 20:23:33 PST

Facilities economics in Australia

Bernard Williams et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 19:01:00 PST

Rise of the smart infrastructure management empire: How to increase control over your vital assets in 7 steps

Charles Leduc — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 18:31:55 PST

Performance analysis of SIP-based session establishments over IMS

Muhammad T. Alam et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 17:59:35 PST

The beginning of a sensor network era: An inter-enterprise RFID-agent enabled EPCglobal supply network architecture and the matrix model

Anand Mahadevan et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 17:48:47 PST

Load carriage: minimising soldier injuries through physical conditioning – a narrative review

Rob Marc Orr LT et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 17:47:47 PST

Background: With soldiers carrying increasing loads, physical conditioning may provide one means of reducing injuries and increasing the ability to train, maintain and retain soldiers. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the current literature on physical conditioning for load carriage and present the findings in a manner that will allow physical conditioning practitioners a means of applying them in a conditioning program. Methods: Using key search terms, a literature search of academic databases (both civilian and military) were conducted, with additional relevant literature sought from military and civilian colleagues. Gathered papers were assessed against several key criteria and limited to those relating specifically to physical conditioning and military load carriage. These papers were reviewed to glean key findings in the light of information from additional sources that were employed to contextualise the findings. Results: The search results yielded seven original research papers, one conference paper and four secondary source papers (military reports, journal articles). Conclusions: Research suggests that, while other forms of conditioning may be of a supplemental benefit, an effective load carriage conditioning program will include specific load carriage training conducted between two and four times per month. Loads must be sufficient to elicit a physiological response proportionate to that recommended for cardiovascular and metabolic fitness development, with the duration and distance gradually progressed to levels that meet training and operational needs. While higher intensity training may be of particular value, excessive training volume may increase the risk of both acute and overuse injury.

Dynamic interactive learning systems

Khaled Sabry et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 16:49:37 PST

Enhancing the IMS QTI to better support computer assisted marking

Damien Clark et al. — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 15:28:00 PST

Artificial life possibilities: A Star Trek perspective

Penny Baillie-de Byl — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 22:53:56 PST

Nursing ethics

Kim Forrester — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 22:24:47 PST

Coastlines, CAGs and communications

Jane Johnston et al. — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:32:43 PST

A history of bach tenure in New Zealand

John Page — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:23:12 PST

Superhero by numbers

Lisa Watson et al. — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:15:55 PST

Making Web3D less scary: Toward easy-to-use Web3D e-learning content development tools for educators

Penny de Byl — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:02:47 PST

Peer reviewing: Privilege and responsibility

Jane Johnston et al. — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 20:35:14 PST

Water Immersion: Does it enhance recovery

Ian Wilcock et al. — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 15:05:51 PST

Passionately & strategically walking a controversial path: Daring to care about teaching & learning

A. L. Kenworthy — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 22:51:58 PST

Passionately & strategically walking a controversial path: Daring to care about teaching & learning

A. L. Kenworthy — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 22:48:47 PST

Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines: Part 2 of 3. The GRADE approach to grading quality of evidence about diagnostic tests and strategies

J. L. Brozek et al. — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 20:12:01 PST

The GRADE approach to grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations provides a comprehensive and transparent approach for developing clinical recommendations about using diagnostic tests or diagnostic strategies. Although grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations about using tests shares the logic of grading recommendations for treatment, it presents unique challenges. Guideline panels and clinicians should be alert to these special challenges when using the evidence about the accuracy of tests as the basis for clinical decisions. In the GRADE system, valid diagnostic accuracy studies can provide high quality evidence of test accuracy. However, such studies often provide only low quality evidence for the development of recommendations about diagnostic testing, as test accuracy is a surrogate for patient-important outcomes at best. Inferring from data on accuracy that using a test improves outcomes that are important to patients requires availability of an effective treatment, improved patients’ wellbeing through prognostic information, or – by excluding an ominous diagnosis – reduction of anxiety and the opportunity for earlier search for an alternative diagnosis for which beneficial treatment can be available. Assessing the directness of evidence supporting the use of a diagnostic test requires judgments about the relationship between test results and patient-important consequences. Well-designed and conducted studies of allergy tests in parallel with efforts to evaluate allergy treatments critically will encourage improved guideline development for allergic diseases.

Self diagnosis

Clare Goyder et al. — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 19:06:27 PST

Extract:
Some conditions can be diagnosed correctly by the patient, but self diagnosis should always undergo challenge and refinement by the general practitioner.

A novel method to adjust efficacy estimates for uptake of other active treatments in long-term clinical trials

John Simes et al. — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 18:33:37 PST

Background: When rates of uptake of other drugs differ between treatment arms in long-term trials, the true benefit or harm of the treatment may be underestimated. Methods to allow for such contamination have often been limited by failing to preserve the randomization comparisons. In the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study, patients were randomized to fenofibrate or placebo, but during the trial many started additional drugs, particularly statins, more so in the placebo group. The effects of fenofibrate estimated by intention-to-treat were likely to have been attenuated. We aimed to quantify this effect and to develop a method for use in other long-term trials.

Methodology/Principal Findings: We applied efficacies of statins and other cardiovascular drugs from meta-analyses of randomized trials to adjust the effect of fenofibrate in a penalized Cox model. We assumed that future cardiovascular disease events were reduced by an average of 24% by statins, and 20% by a first other major cardiovascular drug. We applied these estimates to each patient who took these drugs for the period they were on them. We also adjusted the analysis by the rate of discontinuing fenofibrate. Among 4,900 placebo patients, average statin use was 16% over five years. Among 4,895 assigned fenofibrate, statin use was 8% and nonuse of fenofibrate was 10%. In placebo patients, use of cardiovascular drugs was 1% to 3% higher. Before adjustment, fenofibrate was associated with an 11% reduction in coronary events (coronary heart disease death or myocardial infarction) (P = 0.16) and an 11% reduction in cardiovascular disease events (P = 0.04). After adjustment, the effects of fenofibrate on coronary events and cardiovascular disease events were 16% (P = 0.06) and 15% (P = 0.008), respectively.

Conclusions/Significance: This novel application of a penalized Cox model for adjustment of a trial estimate of treatment efficacy incorporates evidence-based estimates for other therapies, preserves comparisons between the randomized groups, and is applicable to other long-term trials. In the FIELD study example, the effects of fenofibrate on the risks of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease events were underestimated by up to one-third in the original analysis.

When exegesis becomes excess: The newborn problematics of contractual duress law in New Zealand

Rick Bigwood — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 19:07:29 PST

Views, property rights, and New Zealand land reform

John Page et al. — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:41:14 PST

Raftland revisited: The High Court's view of present entitlement to trust income

Tim Jay — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:04:44 PST

From the airport to the surgery to the courtroom: Private international law and medical tourism

Dan Jerker B. Svantesson — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:55:56 PST

The cowboy, the southern man and the man from Snowy River: The symbolic politics of property in Australia, the United States, and New Zealand

Anne Brower et al. — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:44:00 PST

Grazing rights and public lands in New Zealand and the Western United States: A comparative perspective

John Page — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:38:14 PST

Overcoming liability of newness through legitimacy: A stakeholder salience perspective

Clay Dibrell et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 21:30:07 PST

Migration of trading and the introduction of single stock futures on the underlying U.S. stocks

Andre F. Gygax et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 21:06:25 PST

Idiosyncratic volatility and retail investor preferences in the Australian market

Deborah Tan et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 20:59:31 PST

Building brand equity between manufacturers and retailers

Quan Tran et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 18:49:39 PST

Learning family business - Paradoxes and pathways

Ken Moores et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 18:41:07 PST

Limit order trading behavior and individual investor performance

Alexander Anderson et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:41:56 PST

Index futures arbitrage before and after the introduction of sixteenths on the NYSE

Thomas Henker et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:34:53 PST

Singapore's foray into casinos: A triadic exchange relationship

Sudhir H. Kale et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 16:38:28 PST

On the importance of timing specifications in market microstructure research

Thomas Henker et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 16:33:25 PST

Guest perceptions of hotel loyalty

David D. M. Mason et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 16:28:55 PST

Do investors herd intraday in Australian equities?

Julia Henker et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 16:18:39 PST

Investigating the simultaneous presentation of advertising and television programming

Rafi M. M. I. Chowdhury et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 15:48:00 PST

Calling the end of the bubble: Are there trends in order imbalances?

Julia L. K. Henker et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 15:20:17 PST

Burnout and perceived organisational support among front-line hospitality employees

Gabrielle Walters et al. — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 15:09:18 PST